| 13.7. Summary | ||
|---|---|---|
 | Chapter 13. The work environment in Linux |  |
| 13.7. Summary | ||
|---|---|---|
| | Chapter 13. The work environment in Linux | |
When starting the virtual machine a desktop is shown with a panel at the bottom. This panel contains several icons that inform about system events or allow us to start certain applications. The rest of them can be started through the main menu.
The command terminal is a window that executed a command interpreter. In the virtual machine this application is called kconsole. This interpreter receives a command terminated by a new-line and executes it. At all times the interpreter maintains a current directory. The commands are executed by writing their name followed by arguments in which both the objects to use and several modifications over the operations are included.
Files and folders in Linux are organized in a tree-like
hierarchy with the folder / at the root. We may refer
to files either with an absolute path (starting from the root) or a path
relative to the current directory. Every folder contains two sub-folders,
“.” that points to the folder itself, and “..”
that points the upper folder in the file hierarchy.
The most commonly used commands to manage files are:
| Command | Function | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ls | list the files in a directory | ls -l ~ |
| pwd | Show the current directory | pwd |
| cd | changes the current directory | cd ../. |
| mkdir | Create a directory | mkdir newdir |
| rmdir | Delete an empty directory | rmdir dir |
| rm | delete files and directories | rm file1 file2 |
| mv | Rename or move files to other location. | mv old new, mv files directory |
| cp | file copy | cp fsource fdestination, cp files directory |
| chmod | Change permissions | chmod go-rwx . |
| |  | |
| 13.6. Permissions |  | 13.8. Self-assessment questions |